Bombing
of Cultural Property
Belgrade
THE "UŠĆE" BUSINESS CENTER The
building was bombed for the second time in the early hours of 27 April 1999, at
which time the transmitter, roof structure and the interior of the building
were destroyed. Window panes of the surrounding buildings were broken from the
force of the detonations, as was the building of the Museum of Modern Art.
MUSEUM OF MODERN ART the building is located in Novi
Beograd, on the left bank of the river Sava, in the immediate vicinity of the
confluence of the Sava and the Danube.
According to the Director of the Museum, strong
detonations on 27 April shook the entire building; about 400 square meters of
glass were broken, while free-standing sculptures, exhibited in the park
adjoining the building were partially damaged by shrapnel.
MUSEUM OF MODERN ART
11071 Novi Beograd
No.bb Ušće Save Street
Telephone Number: 011 145 900
Telefax: 2222 955
ENDANGERED ART TREASURE
The building of the Museum of Modern Art has sustained
substantial material damage, as a result of the bombing of the "Ušće"
Business Center in Novi Beograd on 27 April 1999. In addition, some of the
Museum's exhibits have also been damaged, however some larger or smaller
restoration interventions can be performed. A detailed inventory procedure of
damaged exhibits and evaluation of artistic and material damage is in progress.
A few gypsum sculptures by Matija Vuković
have been damaged.
Sculptures by Petar Palavicini from the
Legacy of Mrs. Nora Palavicini have been damaged the most, because these pieces
are made of gypsum. First estimates indicate that at least 10 sculptures have
been extremely damaged or completely destroyed. Most of these pieces have never
been cast in metal. It is not possible to submit a complete inventory list at
this time, however a detailed evaluation of the sustained damage is in
progress. Due to the fact that the Museum's depots have been partially damaged
or jeopardized in the said bombing, measures have to be taken to protect the
other exhibits which still remain in the damaged building (protection from the
rain, damp, wind, possible new impacts and so forth). The said measures will be
taken in accord with established priority. We note that this Legacy has only
recently been received from the donor, so there was no sufficient time for the
standard museological procedure which would have eased the damage evaluation
procedure of art pieces in the museum.
Director
L.S. (sgd)
Radislav Trkulja
MUSEUM OF MODERN ART
11071 Novi Beograd
No.bb Ušće Save Street
Telephone Number: 011 145 900
Telefax: 2222 955
ENDANGERED ART TREASURE
The building of the Museum of Modern Art is located in
the immediate vicinity of the "Ušće" Business Center in Novi
Beograd and has sustained severe damage, due to the bombing of the latter
building in the early hours of 27 April 1999, just after 1:00 a.m.
Nearly all the Museum's glass surfaces were broken.
Bearing in mind the fact that the entire facade is made of glass, the interior
of the Museum is now completely exposed. That means that all the exhibits which
have not been relocated for technical reasons are now jeopardized. Pieces which
are now "left in the open" are large sculptures by, among others,
Ivan Meštrović, Toma Rosandić, Petar Palavicini, Sreten Stojanović,
as well as other works which fall into the first category of the evaluation of
this type of cultural heritage.
The glass on the museum depots was shattered even
during the first attack on the "Ušće" Business Center. Numerous
paintings, sculptures, drawings and graphics, meticulously collected for
decades are stored in the museum depots for a transparent presentation of
artistic phenomena, artists and works from the beginning of the 20th century to
the present day.
The Museum of Modern Art was the only institution of
its kind in the former Yugoslavia, which systematically researched, gathered
and presented (in permanent and individual exhibitions) works of modern art
from the whole territory of the former Yugoslav state. Thus, the Museum holds
many key works of artists from the former Yugoslav republics. Works of the most
prominent modern artists are included in the graphics collection. As it is known,
research undertaken by experts has elaborated similarities, comparability, and
differences (spiritual, poetic, etc.) which make the European and international
cultural heritage unique. Undoubtedly, on the example of the Museum of Modern
Art, it is possible to draw conclusions on this country's openness to all
contemporary European cultural values and those of the rest of the world.
Museum of Modern Art
in Belgrade:
signature illegible
LIST OF BROKEN AND SHATTERED GLASS
SURFACES
IN THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART ON 27
APRIL 1999
Extensive material damage has been caused in the
Museum of Modern Art at 1:10 a.m., due to the bombing of the "Ušće"
Business Center.
Glass surfaces on the Museum, mainly of large
dimensions, have been broken.
An internal 3-member commission has been formed, based
on the decision of the Director, with the task of compiling a list of damage on
the building.
The Commission has ascertained that the following
glass surfaces have been broken:
MUSEUM SERVICE ENTRANCE
250 x 140 cm = 1 piece of glass
EXHIBITTION SPACE LEVEL I
250 x 140 cm = 5 pieces of exterior glass
250 x 140 cm = 4 pieces of interior
glass
300 x 250 cm = 8 pieces of exterior
glass
300 x 250 cm = 8 pieces of interior
glass
250 x 0.80 cm = 1 piece of exterior
glass
EXHIBITION SPACE LEVEL II
300 x 250 cm = 7 pieces of exterior glass
300 x 250 cm = 7 pieces of interior
glass
250 x 140 cm = 1 piece of exterior glass
EXIBITION SPACE LEVEL III
300 x 250 cm = 1 piece of interior glass
EXHIBITION SPACE LEVEL IV
220 x 145 cm = 1 piece of exterior glass
220 x 145 cm = 1 piece of interior glass
250 x 0.80 cm = 1 piece of exterior
glass
LIBRARY
250 x 120 cm = 1 piece of exterior glass
VISITORS' ENTRANCE
250 x 140 cm = 3 pieces of exterior glass
250 x 0.90 = 1 piece of exterior glass
DEPOT GLASS SURFACES
133 x 102 cm = 20 pieces of exterior glass
133 x 102 cm = 8 pieces of interior
glass
Apart
from the above damage of the glass surfaces, the following damage has also been
ascertained:
Damaged plastic blinds 12 pieces of
glass surface 300 x 250 cm and 6 pieces of glass surface 250 x 140 cm
Broken plexiglass above-door openings
for light 1 piece, 0.65 x 0.65 cm
One piece of reinforced glass, 142.5 x
92.5 cm.
COMMISSION
MEMBERS:
Business
Manager
(sgd)
DRAGUTIN STANKOVIĆ
Janitor
(sgd)
VELJKO VIDAKOVIĆ
Carpenter
(sgd)
VOJISLAV SOMBORAC
THE BELGRADE FORTRESS Based on the report of the
Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the City of Belgrade, the
inner facade of the northeastern wall of the Upper Town of the Belgrade
Fortress collapsed in the lower part from the detonations of 27 April 1999. In
all, about 3 square meters of stone covering, collapsed from the right-hand
side of the Despot Gate. Further inspection will establish whether a
large-scale support works will be necessary, because the existing damage to the
lower part of the covering could trigger-off the collapse of the upper parts of
the wall.
TOPČIDER, PRINCE MILOŠ'S PALACE, HISTORICAL
MUSEUM OF SERBIA Historical Museum of Serbia built between 1831 and 1833.
Seven detonations in the early morning of 28 April
induced numerous cracks in the building and damaged the ceiling.
Kri. 617/99
MINUTES OF TESTIMONY OF WITNESS
Made on 18 May 1999 before the investigative judge of
the District Court in Belgrade, in the criminal proceedings against unknown perpetrators
for the criminal act from Art. 141 of the Penal Law of FRY.
Investigative judge: Witness:
Ilija Simić Borislav
Korica
Court clerk: Also
present at the testimony were:
Stana Mitrić
Public
Prosecutor:
____________________
The
Accused:
____________________
Defense
Counsel:
____________________
Proceedings began at 9:00 a.m.
The attention of the witness was drawn to his duty to
tell the truth and not to withhold anything; he was warned of the consequences
of giving false testimony. He was also warned that he is under no obligation to
answer any questions likely to expose himself or a close relative to disgrace,
considerable material damage or prosecution (Art. 229 of the Law on Criminal
Procedure). The witness answered the general questions as follows:
1. Name and family name: Borislav Korica
2. Father's name: Miloš
3. Occupation: Curator
of the Historical Museum of Serbia
4. Domicile: No.46
Cvijićeva Street, Belgrade
5. Place of birth: Gospić
6. Date of birth: 22
May 1955
7. Relationship to the accused
or injured or wronged party: /
With regard to the case, the witness stated the
following:
The witness has been cautioned that he is obliged to
tell the truth, and he answered the questions posed to him as follows.
I am employed as a curator in the Historical Museum of
Serbia, however my office is in the Milošev konak building (Prince Miloš's
Palace), which houses a permanent exhibition of the Historical Museum,
dedicated to the Serbian Revolution of 1804.
Our museum is located in the Konak Kneza Miloša
(Prince Miloš's Palace) which is one of the oldest preserved buildings in
Belgrade. The building was erected between 1831 and 1834 by Prince Miloš
Obrenović and served as his residence. Prince Miloš lived and received
guests in that building, so it served both as a palace and residence at the
same time. After Prince Miloš's death the palace was used by various other
members of the Obrenović dynasty, and after the changeover in Serbia the
Kara|or|ević dynasty also used the Palace for its needs.
Thus, the palace represents a place of outstanding
cultural interest. In addition, a museum collection of great importance to the
history of the Serbian people is also exhibited in the palace. The museum holds
weapons and personal items of Miloš Obrenović, Kara|or|e, Hajduk Veljko
and various other important historical figures. The Museum's collection
includes correspondence of the above and other prominent figures, as well as
various other written documents, paintings, etc.
Before the beginning of the Second World War, the
palace was turned into a museum and has been used for the same purpose to this
day.
The NATO bombing on 28 April 1999, between 1:00 a.m.
and 1:15 a.m., considerably damaged the Museum building. As far as I know,
buildings targeted in the said attack were those within the Military Guard
complex. As far as I can estimate, the nearest building targeted at the time is
located about 300-400m away from the museum. I was informed by Security Guard
Luka Živanić that the museum was damaged in the attack.
Our newly formed internal commission has so far
ascertained that visible horizontal and vertical fissures have appeared on all
four walls of the facade and that the main entrance door and five windows have
been damaged.
Due to the bombing, wooden ceilings have been shaken;
damage has been caused by the shifting of the beams, and plaster has fallen off
inside the building.
The museum building has been thoroughly reconstructed
during a 21 year-long period, spanning from 1972-1993 and was thus restored to
its original condition. The walls and beams have been reinforced.
The damage sustained by the Museum building on 28
April is extensive. However, I cannot as yet comment on the effects of the
bombing because there are big cracks on all the walls, both on the outside and
on the inside, as well as on the ceilings. Later on, experts will probably be able
to give an estimate of the amount of money necessary to restore the building to
its original condition, and whether restoration will be possible.
All I can say at present is that the museum has been
closed since the bombing.
That is all I had to state.
The minutes have been dictated aloud, I do not wish to
read them and sign them as my own without objection.
The testimony was concluded at 9:30 a.m.
Clerk: Witness:
Investigative Judge:
(sgd) Stana Mitrić (sgd)
Borislav Korica (sgd) Ilija Simić
THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF DEFENSE AND THE COMPLEX OF
BUILDINGS OF THE GENERAL STAFF OF THE YUGOSLAV ARMY The buildings were
targeted on the night of 29/30 April, and were directly struck and demolished.
THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS BUILDING,
Nemanjina Street The building is located in the immediate vicinity of the
General Staff of the Yugoslav Army building and was extremely damaged during
the bombing of the latter building on the night of 29/30 April.
THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA GOVERNMENT BUILDING, No.11
Nemanjina Street The building is presently the seat of the government of the
Republic of Serbia. Due to its architectural style and cultural-historic
values, the building is currently the object of an evaluation procedure, necessary
for the granting of the status of an immovable cultural asset cultural
monument.
The building is located in the immediate vicinity of
the General Staff complex, and was also severely damaged in the bombing during
the night of 29/30 April.
THE TELEVISION TOWER ON MT. AVALA The tower was
directly struck and completely destroyed during the night of 29/30 April.
RAKOVICA On 3 May 1999, at about 10:00 p.m., the
Straževica hill above the Rakovica Monastery was bombed again. The detonations
also endangered the Monastery.
The Straževica hill was bombed yet again during the
night of 22/23 May 1999; the bombing caused a further loosening of the walls of
the monastery complex.
The Straževica hill was bombed with 5 missiles during
the night of 29/30 May, and the detonations certainly affected the monastery.
Fierce bombardment of the Straževica hill throughout
30 May additionally endangered the monastery, however reliable data are not
available as yet.
THE MINISTRY OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BUILDING; THE GENERAL
STAFF BUILDING; THE FEDERAL MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS BUILDING The
buildings were directly struck again and destroyed in the bombing during the
night of 7/8 May. A number of buildings in the immediate vicinity were also
damaged during the attack; window panes were broken and the facades bear
distinct damage marks made by shrapnel and bits of stone blocks which flew from
the buildings.
The site is located in the very heart of the old part
of the city.
THE SERBIAN GOVERNMENT BUILDING, No. 11 Nemanjina
Street The facade of the building was first damaged during the
attack on the General Staff building. However, during the night of 7 May, the
Serbian Government Building was directly hit and partially demolished.
THE SEVENTH REGIMENT ARMY BARRACKS are located on the
corner of the new General Staff building, designed by the architect Nikola
Dobrović, onto which one side of the barracks lean. The inner facades were
damaged, windows and doors were blown out of place, while all the window panes
were broken.
THE OLD GENERAL STAFF BUILDING, No.17 Kneza Miloša
Street The old General Staff was considerably damaged by the bombing of the
new General Staff building, designed by the architect Nikola Dobrović. The
facades, pillars and sculptures were damaged by shrapnel and bits of stone
which flew from the demolished building in the immediate vicinity. All window
and door frames in the building were blown out of place, while all the glass
was shattered.
HOTEL "Jugoslavija" on the left bank of the
Danube in New Belgrade. The building was directly hit by 2 missiles, during the
night of 7/8 May, and the west wing of the hotel was totally destroyed.
THE MINISTRY OF SOCIAL POLICY AND NATIONAL HEALTH
(presently the building of the Commissariat for Refugees), No.101 Kneza Miloša
Street The building was considerably damaged in the bombing during the night
of 78 May. The prime target of the attack was the building of the Republic
Ministry of Internal Affairs which is close by. The building was damaged by
shrapnel and bits of stone and concrete, blasted off the demolished buildings
in the immediate vicinity; facades, pillars and sculptures were damaged; window
and door frames were blown out of place, while all the glass was shattered.
THE BUILDING at No.6 Kneza Miloša Street Since it is
located next to the Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the building was
damaged and shaken through, during the bombing of the surrounding buildings on
Nemanjina and Kneza Miloša Streets (on 7 April, during the night of 29/30
April, and during the night of 7/8 May). The building has been shaken, all the
doors and windows have been blown out of place, while all the glass has been
shattered.
THE BUILDING ON GENERALA ŽDANOVA STREET the oldest
part of the building is at the corner of No.3 Birčaninova Street and
Generala Ždanova Street.
It was severely damaged during the bombing of the New
building of the General Staff, designed by the architect Nikola Dobrović,
onto which one of the sides leans. First during the night of 29/30 April and
later on, during the night of 7/8 May the building was thoroughly shaken, while
the window and door frames were blown out of place, shattering all the glass.
THE BUILDING ON THE CORNER OF No.20 KNEZA MILOŠA
STREET AND ADMIRALA GEPRATA STREET The house was shaken as a result of two
attacks on the Serbian Government Building located in the immediate vicinity;
first during the night of 29/30 April and then during the night of 7/8 May;
window and door frames were blown out of place, while all the glass was
shattered.
THE SUGARPLANT COMPLEX ON RADNIČKA STREET
Buildings in this complex were shaken and all the window panes were shattered
from the detonations caused by the explosion of missiles on 18 May at 10:30
p.m. and on 20 May at 8:25 p.m. In addition a number of villas and residences
on the neighboring Senjak Hill were also damaged in the attack.
THE COMPLEX OF THE OLD RAILWAY HOSPITAL BUILDINGS
(presently part of the "DR DRAGIŠA MIŠOVIĆ" CLINICAL AND
HOSPITAL CENTER) Until the beginning of the nineties the complex was owned by
the Railway, after which it was added to the "Dr. Dragiša Mišović"
Clinical Center.
In the course of the two air attacks on the night of
19 May, the Neurology Ward was directly struck and destroyed, while the Maternity
Building and the Children's Lung Disorders Ward were severely damaged.
THE ETNOGRAPHIC MUSEUM After reconstruction, the
building currently houses a large ethnographic collection and a permanent
museum exhibition.
Large glass surfaces in the basement of the museum
were shattered by the vibration of the ground, induced by strong detonations
caused by the bombing of Zvezdara on the night of 30/31 May.
Niš
EARLY BYZANTINE TOMB IN JAGODNA MALA located within
the large late-antique necropolis, presently a part of a densely populated part
of the city
This extremely important tomb was damaged during the
fierce aerial bombardment on the night of 23/24 April 1999.
THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF TOWN the industrial zone
was bombed again on the night of 2/3 May 1999.
On 11 May 1999, the city's industrial zone was
repeatedly bombed, in particular the area surrounding the oil refinery. As yet
there are no data regarding the condition of the monuments in that part of the
town. On the following day, 12 May, during the 23rd attack on the town, 1300
bombs fell on the northwestern residential part of the town (Duvanište and
Lenin Boulevard areas).
The northwestern part of the town was bombed during
the night of 17/18 May 1999 and once more during the course of 18 May. The
village of Trupale was also hit. No data are available regarding the condition
of the body of monuments.
THE "12 FEBRUARY" MEMORIAL MUSEUM (THE RED
CROSS PRISON CAMP) As a result of the bombing, the main building which houses
the museum exhibition has sustained extensive damage, particularly to the roof
structure. In addition, the door and window frames have been blown out of
place; there are numerous cracks in the walls and some of the ceilings have collapsed.
ĆELE TOWER which in Turkish means Tower of
Skulls, was literally built of the skulls of Serbian fighters in the Battle of Čegar,
fought on 31 May 1809, near Niš.
Bearing in mind the fact that the site is presently an
integral part of the Military Hospital complex in Niš, the tower was shaken by
detonations caused by the bombing and destruction of some of the hospital
pavilions located in the immediate vicinity.
In addition, the roof structure of the Chapel and glass-fitted openings have been
shattered.
DONJI MATEJEVAC, THE CHURCH OF ST. ARCHANGEL MICHAEL
north of Niš. The church enjoys state protection as a cultural monument.
On the night of 5 May, during the bombing of Niš and
the vicinity, when a missile landed in the village, the walls of the church
were shattered by the detonations.
THE TOWN CENTER AROUND THE MARKET on 7 May, around
noon, allegedly by accident, NATO forces attacked the very center of the town
around the market, using cluster bombs. Four extremely strong detonations on Šumatovačka
Street increased the existing damage on the walls of the fortress, as well as
the damage sustained by buildings within the fortress; the main, Stambol Gate
and Belgrade Gate. A number of buildings in the vicinity were severely damaged.
The town center was bombed again on 8 May, the prime target of the attack being
the bridge. The bridge was damaged, while the surrounding buildings in the
urban core were jeopardized once more.
THE OLD DISTRICT ADMINISTRATION BUILDING (presently
the RECTORATE BUILDING) in the center of the town, No.20 Mike Paligorića
Quay, near the Fortress.
Apart from the Rectorate, the building also houses the
Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of the city of Niš.
Three impacts caused the collapse of some parts of the
walls facing Šumatovačka Street. The attic on the southwestern side,
facing Mike Paligorića Quay, was destroyed, window frames overlooking the
courtyard side were blown out of place, while all the windows were shattered.
BUILDINGS OF ARCHITECTURAL INTEREST WITHIN THE
UNIVERSITY COMPLEX
The University complex consists of about ten buildings
granted the status of preliminary protection, and stretches between 12 February
Street, Šumatovačka and Dobrička Streets and Mike Paligorića
Quay. The said complex was considerably damaged by shrapnel. Since the complex
is still inaccessible because unexploded cluster bombs have not yet been
removed, at present it is only known that some of the buildings have been
destroyed while some others are greatly damaged (facades, roof structures,
windows, doors).
THE MUSEUM BUILDING No.14 Stanka Paunovića
Street The building houses a part of the museum collection as well as the
museum's administration. (GM)
The building has been extensively damaged, due to the
bombing of the immediate vicinity and the use of cluster bombs. The force of
the detonations destroyed the doors and windows and damaged the facades.
THE NIŠ STOCK SAVINGS COMPANY (presently the SYMPHONY
ORCHESTRA BUILDING) As a result of the bombing in the immediate vicinity and
the effect of a large number of dropped cluster bombs, the building has been
severely damaged. The detonations shattered the doors and windows and damaged
the facades.
LIBERATION SQUARE A number of buildings have been
damaged as a result of the bombing of the surrounding area on 7 May. Doors,
windows and shop windows have been shattered by detonations, while the facades
have also been damaged.
BLOCK OF BUILDINGS ON ŽIVOTA ĆOSIĆ QUAY
This block of buildings is a part of a protected cultural-historical whole and
includes the buildings of the Symphony Orchestra, the National Museum, the
Synagogue, etc.
As a result of the bombing in the immediate vicinity
on 7 and 8 May 1999, a number of buildings have been extensively damaged; the
detonations shattered the doors and windows, while the facades were also
damaged.
THE COMMERCE CLUB BUILDING No.39 Stanka Paunovića
Street The building is a cultural monument.
The facades of the building were damaged as a result
of the bombing of the bridge on 8 May 1999. The detonations also shattered all
window panes.
THE HRANT MUMDŽIJAN BUILDING (presently the Greek
Consulate) Due to its architectural and historical-artistic features, this
house is of great cultural-historical interest. The building currently houses
the Greek Consulate, which moved in after extensive conservation work had been
performed.
As a result of the bombing on 7 May, during which
cluster bombs were used, as well as of the destruction of the Concrete Bridge
in the immediate vicinity (8 May), the building has been extensively damaged.
All doors and windows have been blown out of place, while the roof structure
and facades were also damaged.
THE PASTEUR INSTITUTE BUILDING Detonations induced
by the bombing of the Clinical Center compound on 7 May 1999, thoroughly shook
the entire structure and shattered all the windows.
ORLJANE ST. JOHN'S CHURCH, located on the Komiga
Hill. On 11 May 1999, during an attack on Niš, a missile landed in the area of
the village, killing one person. It is presumed that the detonations could also
have endangered the remains of the church in the vicinity of the village.
THE TOBACCO INDUSTRY, THE STEVAN SIN\ELIĆ ARMY
BARRACKS, THE RED CROSS PRISON CAMP In the fierce aerial bombardment
throughout the night of 29/30 May, as well as the following night of 30/31 May,
buildings in this complex, devastated in previous attacks were repeatedly
targeted. This time the administrative building was completely destroyed. The
force of the detonations additionally damaged the above buildings. This
information has been confirmed by the Institute of the City of Niš for the
Protection of Cultural Monuments.
MEDIANA The Mediana archeological site was a suburb
of the Roman town of Naissus in ancient times.
According to a report furnished by the Institute of
the City of Niš for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of 8 June,
"during the repeated bombing of the eastern part of the city with cluster
bombs, the bombs fell in the eastern zone of the city, more specifically partly
in the protected zone of the Mediana archeological park. It is impossible to
give a more accurate account, because the process of eliminating the extremely
dangerous cluster bombs from the indicated area has not yet been
completed."
THE SYNAGOGUE The building is presently used as an
art gallery.
It has been thoroughly shaken due to the bombing of
the immediate vicinity on 7 May with cluster bombs, and on 8 May with various
other destructive missiles. Missile impacts induced static deformations, while
the detonations shattered the glass and damaged the facade.
Novopazarska Banja Spa
The town of Novopazarska Banja Spa, located on the
northern border of the protected cultural whole of Stari Ras and Sopoćani,
was bombed during the night of 23/24 April 1999. The said protected whole is
included in the UNESCO list of world cultural heritage.
On 30 April 1999 this area was
repeatedly targeted.
THE OLD TURKISH BATHS As a cultural
monument, the Turkish Baths enjoy protection.
The broader area of the town of Novi
Pazar was bombed during 1 May 1999. Two destructive detonations could be felt
in the area of Novopazarska Banja Spa. However, due to the constant air-raid
alert it is impossible to verify the condition of the monument.
Novi Pazar
The center of the town was bombed during the night of
23/24 April 1999. During the attack buildings within the protected complex of
the Stari Ras and Sopoćani monumental whole were damaged. The monumental
whole is included in the UNESCO list of world cultural heritage.
St. PETER's CHURCH, \UR\EVI STUPOVI
According to information furnished by the Novi Pazar town museum, in the
bombing on the night of 26/27 April 1999, missiles landed as close as 500
meters away from the church. There is no visible damage as yet. The same
applies to \ur|evi Stupovi.
ST. PETER'S CHURCH On the night of
23/24 April 1999, when the center of Novi Pazar and Novopazarska Banja Spa were
bombed, the missiles also fell in the vicinity of St. Peter's Church, causing
the loosening of the church walls. It is worth noting that the church is the
oldest building within the protected whole of Stari Ras and Sopoćani,
included in the UNESCO list of world cultural heritage.
The Church of St. Peter was endangered
again on 21 May 1999, during the bombing of the northern part of the town.
\UR\EVI STUPOVI In the bombing of the
center of the towns of Novi Pazar and Novopazarska Banja Spa on the night of
23/24 April 1999, bombs also fell in the vicinity of the \ur|evi Stupovi
Monastery, causing the walls of the building to shake. It should be noted that
the monastery is a part of the protected monumental whole of Stari Ras and Sopoćani,
which is included in UNESCO's list of world cultural heritage.
Gučevo
The Charnel House Memorial on Mt. Gučevo was
thoroughly shaken on the night of 23/24 April 1999, during the repeated bombing
of the Transmitter on Mt. Maljen. The attack was repeated the following night,
24/25 April, during another bombing raid on the Transmitter on Mt. Maljen.
Novi Sad
THE ŽEŽELJ BRIDGE The last remaining bridge
connecting Novi Sad with the Srem side of the city was finally sunken in the
bombing raid during the night of 25/26 April 1999.
THE OLD TELEVISION STATION BUILDING ON
THE RIGHT BANK OF THE DANUBE, THE SREM SIDE OF THE CITY The old building
which housed the Novi Sad Television Station was destroyed on 3 May 1999, at
about 10:00 p.m.
Vrdnik
THE COAL MINE POWER STATION According to data
furnished by the associates in the Institute in Sremska Mitrovica, this power
station was destroyed on
the night of 1/2 May 1999, during an overall attack on the power system in the
Republic of Serbia.
VRDNIČKA KULA is first mentioned
in historical sources dating back to 1315 as Rednak, Rednuk and Regnicz.
This settlement was bombed again on 24
May 1999. According to a phone report from the local Institute for the
Protection of Cultural Monuments in Sremska Mitrovica, the existing cracks in
the monastery walls have spread further, while luckily there are no new ones.
The vicinity of Vrdnik (the village of
Dubočani) was bombed again on the night of 29/30 April.
MONASTERY according to a report
received from the commission of the local Institute for the Protection of
Cultural Monuments in Sremska Mitrovica of 25 May, the following damage was
caused by aerial bombardment throughout the period 15-23 May:
church fissures, stretching from the
under-roof wreath to the pavement, appeared on the south facade, at the point
where the church and tower connect; on the inside this fissure is visible in
the choir area; another fissure is located in the under-roof wreath above the southern
entrance; window panes on the northern and western openings are broken;
dining room as a result of the
detonations, the door frame was dislocated from the wall and the window panes
were broken;
monastery residence building cracks
have appeared throughout the entire length of the south facade and have spread
from the basement to the first floor. The cracks cut across fissures which run
in the opposite direction, so estimates indicate that the monastery residence
building is in a critical condition.
ŠIŠATOVAC According to the report of
19 April, sent by the commission of the Institute for the Protection of
Cultural Monuments in Sremska Mitrovica, which toured the monastery after the
bombing of 17 April, the ascertained damage is as follows:
church: window panes on the eastern
and northern sides were shattered;
monastery residence building: window
panes have been broken and the flat-tile roof covering has fallen off.
Vršac
FORTIFICATION The remains of a small medieval
fortification are located on the eastern side of the town of Vršac, on a hill
known as Kula, approximately 400 meters above sea level. It is a
rectangular-shaped fortification with its walls adjusted to the shape of the 18
meter-wide and 46 meter-long plateau.
A repeater, located near the
fortification was bombed on the night of 29/30 April 1999. Due to the effect of
the bombing, the foundations of this architectural whole, classified as a
cultural monument of great importance, were considerably shaken.
The repeater at the foot of the
fortification was bombed again on the night of 11/12 May 1999, which caused a
further loosening of the walls.
Mt. Kopaonik
THE JOSIF PANČIĆ MEMORIAL The Memorial was
bombed again during the night of 29/30 April 1999 and on 30 April 1999.
Kuršumlija
ST. NICOLAS', MONASTERY OF THE MOTHER OF GOD, THE
CHUCH OF ST. MARK) The repeated bombing of the town of Kuršumlija was carried
out on the night of 29/30 April, and the churches were again jeopardized by the
detonations.
The bridges were repeatedly bombed on 14
May. There is no information for the time being as to the condition of the
monuments. The bridges in the vicinity of the town of Kuršumlija were bombed
again on 16 May, and the concern for the monuments has grown, because telephone
lines have been out of order for some time.
Balajnac
The remains of a fortification with supporting walls,
belonging to a complex of fortifications from the Justinian and post-Justinian
period are located on a dominant plateau. The village of Balajnac was bombed on
14 May, however there is no information concerning the condition of the site
classified as an archeological site of great importance.
Samaila
The repeated bombing of this village on 30 April 1999
endangered a group of roadside gravestones known as "krajputaši".
The bombing of the village of Samaila
was carried out on 10 May, at which time the gravestones were shaken again. The
church of St. Prokopije was also damaged during this particularly severe
attack.
Zablaće
A church dedicated to the Archangels Michael and
Gabriel is located in the village of Zablaće, along the old Čačak-Kraljevo
road.
This environmental whole enjoys
preliminary legal protection.
The village was bombed on 10 May, and
the walls of the church and the head stones were severely loosened and thus
endangered.
Cvetke
A wooden church dedicated to archistratigue Michael
was built in the first half of the 18th century in the village of Cvetke in the
Rudnik District. The church was destroyed during the struggle for liberation
from the Turkish rule. However, a new church was erected in 1824, the church of
the Holy Mother, which was given a completely new exterior during the
reconstruction carried out in 1880. Apart from the icons, the church's treasury
contains various other valuable objects, as well as a triodion manuscript from
1561. Beside the church is a monument dedicated to the fallen fighters in the
First Serbian Uprising (1804).
The village was bombed on the night of
10/11 May and the detonations brought on by the raid endangered the church.
Prilike
The transmitter in this village was bombed again on 30
April, endangering the village church.
Trstenik
THE OLD BRIDGE ON THE MORAVA RIVER is a part of the
cultural-historical whole of the old Trstenik town center (19th and 20th
centuries). The bridge was built in 1899. The complex enjoys preliminary
protection within the monumental whole of the old Trstenik town center.
THE OLD TRSTENIK TOWN CENTRE (ČARŠIJA)
a monumental whole which enjoys preliminary protection. It was first formed
during the 19th century and significantly enlarged with new buildings at the
beginning of the 20th century.
The bridge which leads from the town to
the Monastery of Ljubostinja was bombed again on 1 May. The bridge was
destroyed in the attack, along with the water pumping station. Many houses
within the old part of the town have been thoroughly shaken by the detonations;
window panes have been shattered and roof structure and ceilings have been
severely damaged or completely demolished. The detonations have again
jeopardized the Ljubostinja Monastery.
\unis
The Monastery of St. Roman is located at the foot of
Mt. Poslonska, near the village of Praskovče, on the road to \unis. The
monastery is one of the oldest Serbian shrines and was first mentioned in a
Charter which the Byzantine emperor Vassiliy II granted to the Ohrid
Archbishopric.
The bridge near \unis was bombed on the
night of 1/2 May 1999, and the detonations endangered the church.
Krčmar
The village of Krčmar is located in the Valjevo
area, about 14 kilometers from the village of Mionica. The parish church
dedicated to St. Nicolas is located in the village. It was first mentioned as a
monastery church in sources dating back to 1736.
The area of the village was bombed on
the night of 29/30 April, and the church was endangered by the detonations produced
by the raid.
Pančevo
THE SQUARE NEAR THE HOSPITAL AND THE OLD
ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING
THE OLD HOSPITAL BUILDING was erected
in 1838, at the time when the first master plan of the town of Pančevo was
prepared. The building is located on a small, grass-covered square in the
strict center of the town. This is a multi-storeyed classicist-style building.
The building was granted the status of a cultural monument, due to its artistic
qualities and historical interest. (IPR)
The buildings bombed during the night of
30 April/1 May were the objects of an evaluation procedure, pending the
granting of the status of cultural monument. During the raid the windows of the
building were shattered, the foundations were shaken and the facade was
markedly damaged.
According to the report of the Institute
for the Protection of Cultural Monuments from Pančevo, received on 12 May,
the damage to the cultural monuments ascertained so far is as follows:
1. THE VOJLOVICA MONASTERY enjoys the
status of a cultural monument of exceptional importance. The following damage
has been ascertained: northern windows in the choir area (facing the Refinery),
Pajsije's portal and the tower were shattered, while vertical fissures appeared
on the window parapets on both choirs. Window panes on the Monastery residence
building have been broken, while the upper parts of the northern corridor
windows have also been broken. The monastery residence's roof structure (laths)
and covering (flat-tiles) have been cracked and loosened.
2. THE OLD HOSPITAL BUILDING is
currently in the process of being established as a cultural asset cultural
monument. Effects of the bombing during the night of 30 April/1May 1999 are as
follows: about 6 square meters of damaged roof structure (tiles); damaged
facade; damaged wooden main entrance door and three glazed doors; glass on 44
windows broken.
3. CHURCH OF THE TRANSFIGURATION is a
monument of exceptional importance. The following damage, brought on by the
bombing on the night of 22/23 April, has been ascertained; damage on the
ceiling-windshield of the northern entrance, which was used for the sale of
candles. An ornament-pattern, preserved for future reconstruction so that it
could be restored to its original form, had been painted on a 5 mm thick layer
of mortar, which fell off one half of the ceiling.
Gračanica
The village of Gračanica has been the target of
countless attacks since the beginning of the war. It was once again targeted on
1 May. The missiles landed about 500m from the monastery, causing the loosening
of the walls.
Draganac
The monastery and church of St. Gabriel are located in
the village of Draganac, near the town of Gnjilane. The church was designed in
the spirit of romanticism and built between 1868-1870 on an old cult location.
As one of the finest examples of romanticism in sacral architecture at the
close of the 19th century in Kosovo and Metohija, this whole is in the process
of being granted the status of a cultural monument immovable cultural
property.
The village of Draganac was bombed
during the night of 2/3 May 1999.
Kragujevac
THE OLD BUILDING OF THE FOUNDRY WITH THE SMITHY was
erected on the right bank of the Lepenica river between 1851-1853. In time, it
grew to become the Military Technical Institution Cannon Factory. At the time
it was built, it was the most important industrial facility in Serbia.
The frontal side of the foundry has been
adapted and turned into a museum, after conservation works had been completed
in 1953.
On the basis of a report furnished by
associates from the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments in
Kragujevac, this unique building of technical culture, categorized as a
monument of great value has been damaged by detonations induced by the direct
bombing of the new Smithy, within the "Zastava" Automobile Factory
complex.
THE ARMY BARRACKS, HIGH SCHOOL BUILDING,
CHURCH AND BOTH PALACES The town of Kragujevac was bombed for the fifth time
on 8 May, the Army Barracks located in the strict center of town, were directly
struck. As a result of the raid existing cracks on these protected buildings
spread even further, while the roofs were also damaged.
A report by the Institute for the
Protection of Cultural Monuments in Kragujevac, received on 12 May 1999,
depicts the degree of damage that the body of monuments has sustained, as a
result of the bombing of the old core of the town, a spatial whole called
"Milošev venac", during the afternoon of 8 May. The "Radomir
Putnik" Army Barracks were directly struck, while the main building of
that complex, a late 19th century structure was completely destroyed. Nine
other buildings in the immediate vicinity were also damaged and they are:
1. The "Joakim Vujić"
Theatre Building enjoys the status of preliminary protection;
windshields have been damaged, and about 20 window panes of the frontal
facade were shattered;
2. The Music School Building located within the
protected zone was completely demolished; all doors and windows have been blown
out of place, even the inside doors;
3. The High School Building as a result of this raid
the existing cracks on the flank facades, caused by previous bombings, spread
even more; the ceiling in several premises collapsed; about 100 square meters
of roof covering in one section of the roof was dislocated, while about 100
window panes of the frontal and flank facades were shattered;
4. Prince Michael's Palace about 20 square meters of
tiles slid from the roof of this previously damaged monument, while the detonation
caused 50 square meters of flat tiles to also slide off the roof. Due to the
bombing the window panes and the skylight above the entrance door have been
shattered, while the door-posts of the service entrance have been blown out of
place;
5. The Uncle's Residence minimal cracks on the
facade are visible, panes of two porch windows have been shattered, while about
50 square meters of tiles have slid off the roof;
6. The Art Gallery Building is not a significant
cultural monument, however it is located in the immediate vicinity of the
protected area of the old Palace. The Gallery's windows have been shattered;
7. The Old Assembly Building due to the fact that
previously damaged part of the roof has not been repaired, tiles from both
sides of the roof have slid off, while window and door frames of the side
entrances have been blown out of place.
During the bombing of the Army Barracks, throughout 14
May 1999, the Museum building again sustained damage, particularly the facade,
windows and lanterns. The detonations and the shattering of glass have damaged
the permanent exhibition. The Šumadija Archive building has also been damaged,
along with some of the documents.
THE MUSEUM BUILDING IN ŠUMARICE AND THE ŠUMADIJA
ARCHIVE BUILDING A report from the Institute for the Protection of Cultural
Monuments in Kragujevac of 18 May 1999 describes the damage sustained by
buildings which enjoy the status of cultural monuments. The damaged buildings
are:
The "21 October" Memorial Museum, designed
by the renowned architect Ivan Antić is exceptionally significant; 26 out
of the total of 33 (260x260cm in diameter) double-layer plexiglass domes have
been damaged; 63 square meters of 5mm thick and 10 square meters of 3mm thick
facade windows have been shattered;
The Šumadija Archive Building has been registered as a
cultural monument, erected in the first half of the 20th century for the
purpose of a Military Prison, however, after the bombing the building is not
fit for use. The sizable damage to the building is as follows: cracks are
visible on the structural walls and ceilings; the roof structure has been
damaged, along with about 300 square meters of covering; the lowered
gypsum-block ceilings of the ground and first floors have been totally
destroyed (a total of 1520 square meters); doors and windows have been blown
out of place; plaster has fallen off the interior walls and ceiling (about 100
square meters) and about 70 square meters from the facade; window panes and
glass from the doors have also been shattered.
Dečani
The Monastery of Dečani was endangered during the
fierce bombing on the night of 2/3 May 1999.
The bordering area in the vicinity of
the Monastery was bombed again on 21 May 1999.
The vicinity of the village of Dečani
was fiercely bombed on 29 May, at which time the village of Streoce was
particularly affected.
Goraždevac
The wooden church of St. Jeremiah located in this
village, in the vicinity of the town of Peć, is the oldest of its kind in
the country.
Čačak
THE OLD COURT BUILDING (presently the Museum Building)
construction began in 1835 according to designs made by the Ministry of
Construction with the purpose of housing the District Administration and the
District Court. The building has been categorized as a cultural monument due to
its historical and architectural values and the fact that it is located in the
very heart of the town. GM
Due to the fact that the southwestern
industrial zone of the town of Čačak was intensively bombed on a
number of occasions, detonations induced by the bombing endangered some of the
old buildings in the center of town. According to the Director of the town
Museum, Nevenka Bojović, the Museum building has sustained damage
particularly to the facade; numerous cracks have appeared over the entire
height of the walls. Ceilings within the building have also cracked.
CHURCH OF THE ASCENSION OF CHRIST the
present church was built on the remains of the late 12th century Church of the
Holy Mother of Gradac, a memorial church of Župan (head of a tribal state)
Stracimir, the brother of Stefan Nemanja. The early 13th century Studenica
Typic bears witness to the prestige enjoyed by the Monastery and church,
dedicated to the Assumption of the Holy Mother. According to the Typic, the
Gradac Prior took part in the election of the Studenica Father Superior.
According to information received from
the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Serbia, the church was damaged
by detonations caused by the bombing on 14 April. Its windows were broken and
the church sustained various other forms of damage.
THE OLD PRIMARY SCHOOL BUILDING was
erected in 1902-1903.
The building has been thoroughly shaken
and the windows have been shattered by strong detonations induced by the
bombing throughout April.
Valjevo
THE OLD HOSPITAL BUILDING (currently the
Inter-Municipal Historical Archive) on Pop Lukina Street. The building was
erected in 1905 and served as a Surgical Pavilion of the District Hospital,
founded in 1867.
The building has sustained extensive
damage as a result of two bombings. After the first bombing the building was
thoroughly shaken and all the windows had been broken, while the second attack
on 10 May damaged the roof structure and roof covering (tiles). All the doors
and windows have been blown out of place. The latter attack also damaged the
facade.
Kadinjača
The vicinity of Kadinjača was bombed during the
night of 4/5 May. The monument on Kadinjača was once more thoroughly
shaken and jeopardized.
Velika Hoča
The village of Velika Hoča is located in a
pleasant vine-growing region, south of the town of Orahovac in Metohija. Its 12
churches are mentioned in written sources: St. Nicolas', St. John's, St.
Stephen's, the Church of the Holy Sunday, St. Petka's, reconstructed in the
20th century, St. Anne's, reconstructed in 1912; St Luke's, the ruins of the
latter were reconstructed in 1985, the Church of the Holy Archangels, St.
Peter's; the Church of the Holy Mother the Pure and St. Elias', while according
to local tradition there is another church in the village of Dugi Rid.
Information that this extremely
important complex of monuments had been bombed was received during the night of
11/12 May 1999.
Srećkovac
The village of Srećkovac is located near the town
of Pirot. The village was founded during the period of Turkish rule in the
Balkans. Namely, the Turks populated the area with Circassians who called their
new settlement Čorin Dol. It was only after the liberation from Turkish
rule that the settlement became known under the name of Srećkovac. The
Church of St. Elias is located at the edge of the village. Judging by the
numerous stone engravings dated from 1871, the church was most certainly built
in the middle of the 19th century. The Church has not been researched and it
enjoys preliminary protection.
The fourth bombing of the vicinity of
the town of Pirot occured on 12 May 1999. The attack again targeted the
villages of Izvor (damage to the local church had already been recorded) and
Srećkovac. The prime target in the latter village was a Repeater Station,
which was targeted, but not hit. Since the installation is located near the
church, the shrine was damaged to a great extent.
Buštranje
The Church of St. Dimitri is located in the village of
Buštranje, 18 kilometers south of the town of Vranje.
As a cultural monument, this church
enjoys preliminary protection under the law.
The area south of Vranje, up to the
Macedonian border was bombed on 12 May 1999, in the afternoon. The village of
Buštranje was mentioned in the news as one of the targets.
Vinča, Belo Brdo
The Vinča archeological site has been categorized
as a site of outstanding importance. It is located in the village of Vinča,
on the right bank of the river Danube, in the immediate vicinity of the
confluence of the river Bolečica and the Danube.
According to reports received from the
site on 13 May 1999, an unexploded bomb fell about 50 meters from the protected
zone. This is the most important neolithic site in the world, thus the concern
for it is justifiable, despite the fact that no damage has been ascertained on
the site so far.
Gornje Nerodimlje
A number of sacral buildings are located in the
village of Gornje Nerodimlje: the Monastery of the Holy Archangels; the Church
of the Assumption of the Holy Mother also known as the Monastery of St. Uroš
where, according to tradition, king Uroš died; a Byzantine palace, the Mali and
Veliki Petrič Fortresses; the Monastery of the Holy Archangels;
On the night of 13/14 May the village of
Gornje Nerodimlje was bombed.
The surrounding area, all of it except
the Army Barracks in the center of town, was bombed on 23 May and the attack
was repeated during the night of 23/24 May. The complex of monuments in
Nerodimlje was endangered by both bombings.
Žitora|a
The church in the village of Žitora|a was damaged in
the NATO attack on
13 May 1999.
Smederevo
On 17 May 1999 the "Jugopetrol" oil storage
depot near Smederevo was bombed again. Even though the facility is not located
in the protected town zone, the force of the detonations and the burning of
highly inflammable substances once again endangered the body of monuments. The
Refinery Installations were bombed for the seventh time on 21 May. The strong
detonations induced by the bombing caused the further shaking of the walls of
the old town core and Fortress.
Palić
Palić is a spatial cultural-historical whole,
which has been under protection since 1993.
The Palić Resort, beside Lake Palić,
stretches along the northern Yugoslav-Hungarian border, 10 kilometers from the
town of Subotica. A spa located on the north shore of the Lake, was founded in
the first half of the 20th century due to the exceptional curative
characteristics of the water and mud. The first buildings were erected in 1845.
JOSZEF SIGETI'S VILLA (presently the
Meteorological Station) at No.12 Lajosz Vermesz Quay. The villa has housed
the Meteorological Station since 1946, one of the first of its kind in Serbia.
According to a report of the Commission
of the Inter-Municipal Institute in Subotica, the eastern shoreline, part of
the protected Palić zone, was bombed during the night of 19/20 May. Three
missiles made large craters, 20 meters in diameter and about 6 meters deep, the
Meteorological Station was completely destroyed along with the buildings which
housed the Relay Station of Radio Subotica. Damage has also been recorded on villas
along the Split arbored promenade and other villas in the immediate vicinity of
the Meteorological Station. Various other buildings within the protected area
have also been damaged:
The Great Terrace a cultural
monument under protection since 1997 window panes broken along the arched
central passage;
The Ladies Promenade the roof
covering has been damaged;
Fisherman's Inn the doors and
windows have been damaged;
Bagoljvar the Stone Terrace on the
southern side of the building has collapsed;
Small Inn part of the terrace
ceiling has collapsed; all windows have been shattered;
"Eco Center" Conference
Building the roof covering has been damaged;
Abazija the roof covering and
windows have been damaged.
The destroyed Meteorological Station was
yet again the prime target of the bombing on 30 May, whereas the surrounding
buildings were even more damaged.
Šabac
THE FORTRESS The old name of the town, Zaslon, was
first mentioned in various written sources in the middle of the 15th century.
The old part of the town was fiercely
bombed on the night of 21/22 May, as well as on the night of 22/23 May. During
those two attacks, a number of buildings were damaged, including the old
Railway Station, another old building which housed the Municipal Assembly, as
well as the suburbs of Baira and Kamičak.
Visible damage on the walls of the
Fortress and cracks in the arches, were caused by detonations induced by
explosions of destructive missiles in the vicinity of the Fortress and the
effect of the bomb carpet on 25 May 1999.
THE OLD URBAN CORE a settlement on the
Sava river dates back to 1454. After the liberation from the Turks, a new town
was built, which flourished under Governor Jevrem Obrenović, Prince Miloš's
brother. A number of new houses designed in the traditional Balkan style were
built along the newly-formed streets. The Church of St. Peter and Paul was also
built at the time (1827-1831). At the close of the 19th century, the town
became the cultural, commercial and economic center, thus a number of
representative buildings, designed in accord with the academic concept of
eclectic architecture, were erected in the urbanized center of town (the
Bishop's Palace in 1854, the Junior High School in 1857, District Hospital in
1865, house of the ArambašIć family presently the seat of the Šabac-Valjevo
Eparchy, the house of the Krsmanović family in 1892, etc.). Construction
continued at the same pace throughout the first half of the 20th century
(District Administration Building in 1906, the Courthouse in 1907, The Šabac
Bank in 1930, Sokolana 1931, the "Zeleni Venac" Hotel in 1931, etc.).
Due to strong detonations caused by
explosions of destructive missiles and the effect of carpet-bombing in the
immediate vicinity on 22, 23 and 25 May 1999, buildings in the center of the
town were shaken and glass on almost all the houses in apartment blocks on Maršala
Tita Street, Masarikova Street, Jevremova Street, Kara|or|eva Street, Janka
Veselinovića and Mike Mitrovića Street were shattered.
Gazimestan
During the night of 22/23 May two missiles fell near
the monument dedicated to the heroes of the Battle of Kosovo. However, the area
of Gazimestan was once again targeted by NATO bombers on the night of 29/30
May.
Tekeriš (Charnel House Memorial on
Mt. Cer)
The Battle of Cer was fought on 15-19 August 1914, on
the south-eastern slopes of Mt. Cer between the Serbian and Austro-Hungarian
Armies. The subsequent Serb victory over the enemy represents one of the most
glorious ones. The famous site of the Battle of Cer, with a memorial dedicated
to the first victory of the Entente forces in World War One, is located in the
village of Tekeriš. The memorial was designed by the architect Bojić and
unveiled on 28 June 1928. A pyramid-shaped monument, topped by an eagle with
spread wings, holding a laurel wreath in its beak, rises above the charnel
house in which the remains of 3500 Serb warriors and soldiers of the 28th
Prague Regiment were laid to rest.
Due to a number of previous bombings in
the nearby area, the Monument was shaken on 25 May, and cracks appeared on the
Chapel walls, while the permanent museum exhibition was damaged by plaster
which fell off from the ceiling. The busts of various Serb Commanders-in-Chief
in front of the Charnel House were damaged by pieces of rock and earth which
flew around as a result of the bombing.
Villages
in the vicinity of Kraljevo
VILLAGES OF JARČUJAK AND SOVLJAK
Original forms of traditional architecture which
presently enjoy preliminary protection have been preserved in these two
villages, as is the case with so many other bombed villages across Serbia. The
most valuable examples are estate houses of wealthy country squires and their
large family groups from the 19th century, with inscriptions regarding
ownership, the date of construction, name of mason and cost; as well as guest
houses, especially built for receiving guests and family celebrations which
illustrate a developed custom of hospitality. Group gravestones known as
"krajputašI", are frequently cenotaphs, erected alongside roads to
honor soldiers who died in the wars for the liberation of Serbia during the
19th and the first half of the 20th centuries, and were buried far away from
home.
The above villages were bombed on 29
May.
Ćuprija
THE OLD ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING OF THE "DOBRIČEVO"
AGRICULTURAL FARM is located in the central part of the large agricultural
cooperative complex, to the left of the Ćuprija-Senje road.
The building has been damaged as a
result of a number of aerial bombings of
the agricultural cooperative complex, undertaken at the end of May and the
beginning
of June.
Dobričevo was yet again bombed on 7
June, this time with 7 missiles.
Drsnik
THE CHURCH OF ST. PETKA The Church was destroyed on
3 June.
Mrsać
The village of Mrsać in the vicinity of Kraljevo
was bombed with 4 missiles on 7 June, and the wooden church was jeopardized
again.
Bombing of PenalCorrectional Institutions
